Why do bees make honey?

Bees make honey as a way to store food for themselves and their colony. Honey is produced from the nectar of flowers, which bees collect using their long, tube-like tongues called proboscis. They store the collected nectar in their honey stomachs and then return to the hive.

Once back at the hive, the bees pass the nectar to other worker bees through a process called trophallaxis. During this process, enzymes are added to the nectar, which breaks down the complex sugars into simpler sugars. The bees then deposit the nectar into honeycomb cells.

To transform the nectar into honey, the bees fan their wings to evaporate the excess water content. This process reduces the water content to around 17-18%, making the honey less prone to spoilage. Once the honey reaches the desired consistency, the bees seal the honeycomb cells with beeswax to preserve the honey for future use.

Honey serves as a vital food source for bees, especially during times when nectar is scarce, such as winter or periods of drought. It provides them with essential carbohydrates for energy and sustenance. Additionally, honey has antimicrobial properties, which help prevent the growth of bacteria and fungi in the hive.

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