Scientists have discovered the first generation of macromassive black holes

Scientists have identified a distant object with properties between galaxies and quasars, which is the first generation of supermassive black holes.

Internationally, led by astrophysicists from the Niels Bohr Institute, the University of Copenhagen and the Technical University of Denmark, they have identified a massive mass born in the first years after the Big Bang that can be considered the first generation of total black holes. Although the simulations showed that such objects should exist, this is the first real finding.

"Seiji Fujimoto," said Dr. "The discovered object connects two rare populations of celestial bodies, dust star eruptions and glowing quasars, and thus provides a new way of understanding how fast massive black holes in the early universe grew."

The discovery was made possible by the Hubble Space Telescope, co-operated by NASA and the European Space Agency. With its position in space, the telescope can look deeper into the universe than ground-based telescopes without interfering with the Earth's climate and pollution, and in astronomy, a deeper look equals the ability to observe phenomena that occurred in earlier cosmic periods, such as visible light and other types. Beams have been around for a long time.

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The newly discovered object, named by the team GNz7q It was born 750 million years after the Big Bang, which is generally accepted as the beginning of the world we know. Because the Big Bang occurred about 13.8 billion years ago, GNz7q formed in an era called the Cosmic Dawn. It is related to a specific type of quasar. Quasars, also known as quasi-stellar objects, are very bright objects. Images from Hubble and other advanced telescopes show that quasars occur at the center of galaxies. The stars, in turn, create cosmic dust and heat it. Thus the cosmic dust shines in the infrared spectrum to the point that the cosmic dust that now hosts GNz7q is brighter than any other known dust object in this period of cosmic sunrise.

In recent years, light quasars have been identified from black holes. Extremely massive masses range in mass from millions to tens of billions of times the mass of the Sun, surrounded by large amounts of gas. As the gas falls toward the black hole, it becomes extremely hot due to friction, creating a huge luminous effect.

Hubble GNz7q Observation Range
Credit: NASA, ESA, Garth Illingworth (UC Santa Cruz), Pascal Oesch (UC Santa Cruz, Yale), Rychard Bouwens ( LEI), I. Labbe (LEI), Cosmic Dawn Center/Niels Bohr Institute/University of Copenhagen, Denmark

Professor Gabriel Brammer of the Niels Bohr Institute said: The growth of massive black holes in the early universe has become a great mystery. "Theorists have predicted that these black holes will be in the early stages of rapid growth: a red compressed mass emerges from the dust, then turns into an uncovered compact mass of light by expelling the surrounding gas and dust."

He added: "Although brilliant quasars have been found before, even in the earliest periods of the universe, the fast-growing transition phase with both a black hole and its star-breaking host has not been found in similar periods. In addition, the observed characteristics are very consistent with the theoretical simulations and show that GNz7q is the first example of the phase of rapid transition and growth of black holes in the dusty star nucleus, which is the ancestor of the next supermassive black holes. "

Siji Fujimoto and Gabriel Brammer are both part of the Cosmic Rise Center (DAWN), a collaboration between the Niels Bohr Institute and the DTU space. The center of a much-studied celestial field, Hubble Square, was discovered. "It shows how big discoveries can often be hidden right in front of your eyes," said Gabriel Brammer. It was possible for GOODS North. Without such comprehensive data, the mass would be easily ignored because it has distinctive features from early-stage quasars.

Brammer noted: It is a chance, but the existence of such resources is possible "It's significantly more than previously thought."

The team now hopes to systematically use high-resolution dedicated surveys and the James Webb Space Telescope to identify similar objects. A complete description of these objects and a study of their evolution and basic physics in much more detail will be possible with the James Webb Telescope. According to Fujimoto, "After the alignment operation, the Web will have the power to determine with certainty how common these black holes are." . Bartmann

Source: SciTechDaily